Cilnidipine - Novel Dual Acting Calcium Channel Blocker
Abstract
Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) mainly act by vasodilatation and reduction in peripheral vascular resistance. They are one of the most commonly used drugs for the management of systemic hypertension and angina. CCBs are a heterogeneous group of drugs that can chemically be classified into dihydropyridines (DHPs) and the non – DHPs. Their common pharmacologic property is selective inhibition of L – type calcium channel opening in vascular smooth muscle and in the myocardium.
Cilnidipine is a novel and unique 1, 4 – dihydropyridine derivative developed in Japan. Most of the studies with drug are from Japan. It is not approved by US FDA and is not marketed in the US and European countries. It is a dual action calcium channel blocker with action on both L/ N type of calcium channels. It lowers blood pressure by inhibiting L – type calcium channels directly associated with vascular tone. It also inhibits N – type calcium channels, suppressing sympathetic over activity.
Being lipophilic, Cilnidipine has prolonged duration of action and once daily dose effectively control blood pressure throughout 24 hours.
It is indicated in the treatment of Essential hypertension, as monotherapy as well as in combination with other drugs. It is useful in elderly hypertensives and in those with diabetes and albuminuria. It is increasingly used in individuals with chronic kidney disease, alone or in combination with ACE inhibitors/ ARB.
When publishing with Kerala Medicial Journal (KMJ), authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Work includes the material submitted for publication and any other related material submitted to KMJ. In the event that KMJ does not publish said work, the author(s) will be so notified and all rights assigned hereunder will revert to the author(s).
The assignment of rights to KMJ includes but is not expressly limited to rights to edit, publish, reproduce, distribute copies, include in indexes or search databases in print, electronic, or other media, whether or not in use at the time of execution of this agreement.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
The author(s) hereby represents and warrants that they are sole author(s) of the work, that all authors have participated in and agree with the content and conclusions of the work, that the work is original, and does not infringe upon any copyright, propriety, or personal right of any third party, and that no part of it nor any work based on substantially similar data has been submitted to another publication.